What type of assessment focuses on the potential health impacts of an action?

The correct answer is a Health Impact Assessment. This type of assessment specifically evaluates the possible health effects that a proposed action, policy, or project may have on a population. It takes into account a broad range of factors influencing health, including social, economic, and environmental conditions. By identifying potential health risks and benefits, a Health Impact Assessment helps decision-makers to understand how changes can affect public health and to make informed choices that promote positive health outcomes.

In contrast, an Environmental Assessment primarily focuses on the environmental consequences of a proposed project or action, without specifically addressing health impacts. A Strategic Impact Assessment looks at broader strategic plans or policies and their implications, but it too may not focus solely on health. Similarly, a Social Impact Assessment concentrates on the social effects of an initiative, which includes factors like community cohesion and quality of life but does not exclusively examine health outcomes. Therefore, for targeted evaluation of health impacts, the Health Impact Assessment is the most appropriate choice.